gauge couplingの例文

例文

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1. Adding additional new physics at an intermediate scale generically disrupts the gauge coupling unification.
2. for a given gauge field ( here we use ), with gauge coupling constant.
3. The gauge coupling strengths of GUT scale and equal approximately to 10 16 GeV, which is slightly suggestive.
4. where is the color gauge coupling, is the weak isospin gauge coupling, and is the weak hypercharge gauge coupling.
5. where is the color gauge coupling, is the weak isospin gauge coupling, and is the weak hypercharge gauge coupling.